Potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) is a colorless monoclinic crystalline substance that is deliquescent and soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. Its aqueous solution is neutral. At low temperatures, potassium thiocyanate can form a hemihydrate crystal (KSCN·0.5H2O), which is stable between -29.5℃ and -6.8℃. When heated to around 430℃, it turns blue, but it reverts to colorless upon cooling. It decomposes when heated to 500℃.
Uses
Potassium thiocyanate has a wide range of applications in various fields:
Chemical analysis: Potassium thiocyanate can undergo specific chemical reactions with certain metal ions, forming complexes with specific colors, thus enabling the detection and quantification of metal ions. Its reaction with iron(III) ions, in particular, produces a characteristic blood-red coordination compound, making potassium thiocyanate a common indicator for trivalent iron ions, widely used in qualitative and quantitative analysis of iron content.
Electroplating industry: Potassium thiocyanate is used as a stripping agent. By forming stable coordination compounds with metals, it improves the quality and performance of electroplated layers, resulting in smoother and cleaner metal surfaces.
Photography: Potassium thiocyanate was once used as a developer, reacting with silver salts to form visible images. Although its use has decreased in modern photography, it is still used in photographic intensifiers to enhance the clarity and texture of photographs.
Medical diagnosis: Potassium thiocyanate can be used in medical diagnosis, such as detecting hemoglobin in blood to help diagnose anemia and other diseases.
Organic synthesis: In organic synthesis, potassium thiocyanate can participate in addition, substitution, and esterification reactions, providing pathways for the synthesis of organic compounds.
Dye industry: Potassium thiocyanate can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of certain dyes, resulting in dyes with better color effects and stability.
Other applications: Potassium thiocyanate is also used in the manufacture of mustard oil and pharmaceuticals, in the preparation of thiocyanate titrants, in the determination of copper and silver, in urine testing, as a tungsten color reagent, as an indicator for the volumetric determination of titanium, and as a refrigerant, etc.
Keywords
Potassium thiocyanate
Potassium thiocyanate
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